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THE MILLENIUM PROMISE
1. Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger
Reduce by half the proportion of people living on less than a dollar a day
Reduce by half the proportion of people who suffer from hunger
2. Achieve universal primary education
Ensure that all boys and girls complete a full course of primary schooling
3. Promote gender equality and empower women
Eliminate gender disparity in primary and secondary education preferably by 2005, and at all levels by 2015
4. Reduce child mortality
Reduce by two thirds the mortality rate among children under five
5. Improve maternal health
Reduce by three quarters the maternal mortality ratio
6. Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases
Halt and begin to reverse the spread of HIV/AIDS
Halt and begin to reverse the incidence of malaria and other major diseases
7. Ensure environmental sustainability
Integrate the principles of sustainable development into country policies and programs; reverse loss of environmental resources
Reduce by half the proportion of people without sustainable access to safe drinking water
Achieve significant improvement in lives of at least 100 million slum dwellers, by 2020
8. Develop a global partnership for development
Develop further an open trading and financial system that is rule-based, predictable and non-discriminatory
Address the least developed countries' special needs. This includes tariff- and quota-free access for their exports; enhanced debt relief for heavily indebted poor countries; cancellation of official bilateral debt; and more generous official development assistance for countries committed to poverty reduction.
Deal comprehensively with developing countries' debt problems to make debt sustainable in the long term
In cooperation with the developing countries, develop decent and productive work for youth
Background:
The Millennium Development Goals set a framework for how the world could see the end of extreme poverty. In September, 2000, The United States joined with 188 nations to affirm a set of international development goals in the United Nations Millennium Declaration. The eight Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) reflect an understanding of the devastation caused by global hunger and poverty and aim for a world that is free of such suffering. They have galvanized unprecedented efforts to meet the needs of the world�s poorest by 2015. Our leaders committed to these goals and it is up to us, as Americans and ONE supporters, to make sure that America keeps its promises to the world�s most vulnerable people.
As ONE, we are asking our elected leaders to keep America�s promise by increasing effective poverty-focused development assistance, canceling debt, and making trade fair so that the world can achieve the Millennium Development Goals by 2015. Last updated March 2007
Pimp My ProfileHIV/AIDS/TUBERCULOSIS
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We can help save teachers, doctors, nurses, workers, and families
HIV/ AIDS, tuberculosis, and malaria are devastating entire communities and economies. Poor countries are losing their teachers, doctors and nurses. Businesses are losing their workers. Governments are losing their civil servants. Families are losing their breadwinners.
TB kills an estimated 2 million people each year and is the leading cause of death for people with AIDS.
At least 1 million people die from malaria each year, mostly children in Africa.
AIDS is the world�s fourth leading cause of death. Since first being reported in 1981, AIDS has killed over 25 million people. AIDS killed an estimated 3 million people in 2006 alone.
Globally, 15 million children have lost one or both parents to AIDS. 12 million of those live in sub-Saharan Africa.
Proven, cost-effective strategies can prevent and treat these diseases
Antiretroviral medication used to treat people living with HIV/AIDS costs as little as $140 per patient per year, down from nearly $10,000 a year less than 10 years ago.
TB can be fully cured with effective treatment that costs as little as $16 per person for the full treatment course (six to eight months) with a success rate of up to 80% in the poorest countries. TB treatment is also one of the best ways to find those who are HIV positive and keep them alive.
Malaria can be all but eliminated through four highly successful interventions: insecticide treated bed nets, indoor residual spraying, preventative treatment for pregnant women, and treatment for those already infected. It costs as little as $2 to purchase the most effective malaria treatments.
We can save 16,000 lives every day
The internationally agreed upon goal is to halt and begin to reverse the spread of HIV/AIDS, Tuberculosis (TB) and Malaria. Based on current estimates, meeting this goal would result in approximately 16,000 lives saved every day. U.S. leadership in fighting these three diseases must continue through a coordinated approach that utilizes both bilateral and multilateral tools. The ultimate goal should be to provide 1/3 of the global funding requirements for HIV/AIDS, TB and malaria and achieve universal access to prevention, care and treatment for all three diseases by 2015. To accomplish this end, we need:
Additional funding for the President�s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR), the President�s Malaria Initiative (PMI) and bilateral TB programs, and other programs that integrate treatment of HIV/AIDS, TB, and Malaria.
Providing the U.S. fair share for the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, TB, and Malaria is critical in the fight against these three diseases.
Funding is also needed to address a recent outbreak of �extremely drug-resistant tuberculosis� (XDR-TB) in South Africa, which if unchecked, threatens to reverse progress made in recent years in HIV/AIDS treatment and curing TB.
Pimp My ProfileBETTER AID
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More than one billion people around the world live on less than $1 per day. Securing their basic necessities like clean water, food, education and health care, requires financial assistance from external sources delivered efficiently and effectively. The United States has a long tradition of helping people help themselves. By contributing our share � roughly an additional 1% of the federal budget � in partnership with other nations, we can:
Put 77 million children, most of whom are girls, in school
Provide access to clean water to 450 million people
Prevent more than 5.4 million young children from dying each year from poverty-related illnesses
Save 16,000 lives a day by fighting HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, and malaria.
Directing an additional ONE percent of the 2010 estimated budget -- about $29 billion -- will allow for longer-term sustainable growth while fighting the corruption that wastes precious resources. ONE believes the value of international assistance depends not only on funding levels, but also on the quality of assistance.
Development assistance to poor countries produces results
In 2002, only 50,000 HIV positive Africans had access to antiretroviral medicines. Today, an additional 1.2 million people around the world, most in Africa, are receiving treatment thanks to the Global Fund and PEPFAR alone.
The U.S. is a lead donor to the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, TB and Malaria. In 2006, the Fund provided insecticide-treated bed nets to more than 18 million families, an increase of 135 percent over 2005. The bed nets will prevent families from contracting malaria from nocturnal mosquito bites.
Nicaragua effectively utilized $3.5 million in Education for All Fast Track Initiative�s Catalytic Funds to send an additional 70,000 six year-olds to school, modernize teacher training facilities, and increase the number of children receiving a daily meal in school from 200,000 in 2004 to 800,000 in 2005.
The Millennium Challenge Account (MCA) is an innovative new U.S. program that channels assistance to countries with a record of good governance, investing in their people, and economic growth. Countries design compacts around their needs and have already witnessed poverty reduction and economic growth. In Madagascar, a $100 million compact helped farmers make a living by signing almost 400 land titles, provided technical assistance to 2,000 farmers and small enterprises, and trained 225 farmers to use microfinance credit.
America has a long tradition of global leadership
U.S. development assistance funding began a general downward trend in the 1950s and hit an all-time low in the mid 1990s. We are spending 17% less on International Affairs than at the height of the Cold War. Yet the global challenges we face today are far more complex. The International Affairs Budget represents only 1.2% of the entire federal budget, that�s 1.2% to fund essential development and humanitarian programs that foster economic prosperity around the world, strengthen our national security, and reinforce our commitment to humanitarian values.
Pimp My ProfileAmerica has a long tradition of global leadership. We have many resources to share with our global neighbors. ONE is asking for an additional 1% for poverty-focused development assistance so that America can help win the war against the indignities of poverty. For the first time, we have the technology and effective, affordable solutions to end extreme poverty.
We have the opportunity to make a difference now
Every year President Bush submits his budget request to Congress. Congress ultimately determines how much the U.S. government will spend the following year. Currently, Congress is debating the fiscal year 2008 budget which means right now there is an opportunity to move closer to our goal.
ONE is asking Congress to fully fund the International Affairs Budget for Fiscal Year 2008.
EDUCATION FOR ALL
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Education is one of the most powerful investments we can make
Education attacks poverty at its roots, and strengthens individuals, families and communities. In addition to equipping a child with the knowledge and skills needed for a productive life, a basic education offers even deeper and wider returns for health and economic growth. The internationally agreed upon goal is to achieve universal primary education by 2015. That means 77 million more children worldwide would have free access to primary education.
A growing number of countries are making real progress by investing in education.
Primary school enrollment in sub-Saharan Africa jumped by 20 million children from 2000 to 2004.
In 2005, Ghana abolished user fees across the country, and primary school enrollments rose by 14%.
Tanzania has used its savings from debt relief in 2000 to increase education spending and eliminate school fees. Almost overnight, an estimated 1.6 million children enrolled in school. By 2003, 3.1 million additional children were attending school. Similar results have played out in Mozambique, Kenya, Malawi, Uganda, Rwanda and Ethiopia.
Education is also a key tool to strengthen young democracies
Cross-national studies have found strong correlations between mass literacy and the presence of democratic political systems, as well as between the expansion of primary education and the degree of political development. An educated citizenry that is capable of making informed decisions, voicing opinions, and holding elected officials responsible is essential for democracy to survive and flourish. Education also fosters wider community cohesion and stability, giving people more control over their lives and hope for the future. A free public education, where children can learn about civic engagement, democracy and equality, provides an alternative to other forms of organized schooling.
An Investment in basic education is an investment in women and girls
The challenges to expanding access to education are vast, particularly for girls. Many children are kept from school due to costs associated with schooling or the loss of their contribution to family income. Impoverished countries also lack the funds to train and retain qualified teachers, provide text books and teaching materials, and build an adequate number of schools. The HIV/AIDS pandemic has further weakened education systems, wiping out a generation of educators and forcing children, particularly girls, to stay home and care for sick family members. However, increasing access to education for girls can reap considerable rewards:
Children of mothers who receive 5 years of primary education are 40% more likely to live beyond age 5.
Educated mothers are 50% more likely to have their children immunized.
In low income countries, a young woman�s average earnings increase between 10% and 20% with each additional year of education.
Education for All - Fast-track Initiative (FTI)
In 2002, donors and developing countries established the Education for All - Fast-track Initiative (FTI), a global partnership to ensure accelerated progress towards the Millennium Development Goal of universal primary education by 2015. All low-income countries that demonstrate serious commitment to achieve universal primary completion are eligible for support from FTI.
ONE supports the reintroduction of the Education for All Act, which would provide universal basic education for all children by dramatically scale up our investment and providing those resources to countries with strong national plans to educate their children.
CLEAN WATER
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Access to clean water is a basic human right and a necessary precondition to all our human rights. An accessible supply of clean water is essential to good health, education and overall productivity around the world, yet currently over one billion people lack access to a basic supply of clean water and 2.6 billion people do not have access to basic sanitation.
Every 15 seconds, a child dies from a disease associated with lack of access to safe drinking water, inadequate sanitation and poor hygiene.
Of the 1 billion people lacking access to clean water, approximately 314 million live in sub-Saharan Africa.
Every $1 invested in water yields an economic return worth $8 in saved time, increased productivity and reduced healthcare costs.
Unsafe water and poor sanitation play a major role in the transmission of diseases including Diarrhea, Cholera, Malaria, and Typhoid. More than 1.8 million children die each year � roughly one child every 15 seconds � from water and sanitation-related Diarrhoeal diseases.
The lack of access to clean water and sanitation translates into lost educational opportunities, particularly for women and girls. Time spent collecting water � often many hours each day � means girls do not have time to attend school. Studies show that girls are 12% more likely to attend school if water is available within 15 minutes from home versus a one hour�s walk. Young girls are also less likely to attend classes if the school does not have adequate and separate toilets for girls. In addition, water-related illnesses increase absenteeism for all children and result in a loss of over 443 million school days globally each year.
With ONE voice, we are asking our leaders to commit an additional $300 million so the millions of people who lack access to clean water and basic sanitation could have the opportunity for improved health and a better quality of life.
An Opportunity
The internationally agreed upon goal is to halve the number of people without access to safe drinking water and basic sanitation by 2015. Based on current estimates, meeting this goal would result in safe drinking water for approximately 450 million more people, and basic sanitation for approximately 700 million more people.
There is no doubt the world has the knowledge, technology and resources to cut in half the number of people without access to safe drinking water and sanitation by 2015. However, meeting this target will require a substantial increase in resources and commitment from donor governments.
ONE supports the implementation of the Water for the Poor Act, which would strengthen U.S. government programs that increase affordable and equitable access to safe drinking water and sanitation in the developing world.
MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH
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Health systems in poor countries around the world are rapidly deteriorating, and in some cases, have failed entirely. Young children and pregnant women bear the brunt of these inadequate health systems.
Children: every year, 10 million children die before their fifth birthday � that�s one every three seconds � nearly all of them from preventable causes. In 2005, more than 28 million children missed out on immunizations during their first year of life, and an estimated 1.5 million children died from diseases which could have been prevented by simple, low cost vaccinations.
Pregnant Women:More than 500,000 mothers die each year from complications during child birth, and tens of millions more suffer from pregnancy related illnesses and injuries. While women in developed countries as a whole have a 1 in 2,800 chance of dying in child-birth, women in Africa have a 1 in 20 chance, and in several countries the lifetime risk exceeds 1 in 10. The reason for this gross disparity is the lack of access to skilled professional care and basic equipment like the drugs and supplies needed for a safe delivery.
There are affordable technologies and interventions in existence that would prevent nearly all of these deaths. The challenge, therefore, is not a lack of technology, but a lack of access to technology. Delivering vaccines and basic maternal services requires a health care system that most poor countries do not have: enough doctors, nurses and midwives to staff hospitals and health centers, sterile supplies and basic equipment, predictable financing, adequate technology and infrastructure � in other words, a strong, well-functioning health system.
The attention and resources mobilized around AIDS, TB and Malaria in recent years, while crucial, has also exacerbated the strain on health systems by redirecting scarce funding, supplies and human resources away from primary care and maternal health services.
AN OPPORTUNITY
The internationally agreed upon goal is to reduce by two-thirds the mortality rate of children under five and reduce by three-quarters the number of pregnancy-related deaths. Based on current estimates, meeting this goal would prevent the death of 5.4 million children under five and 400,000 pregnant women.
In order to provide healthy environments for women and children in the world�s poorest countries, the U.S. and other developed nations must drastically expand efforts to address child and maternal health needs, with the goal of doubling existing programs by 2010.
There is a growing recognition among policymakers that global health programs must be designed in a way that strengthens overall health systems.With U.S. leadership, the prognosis for mothers and young children in the developing world can be a much more hopeful one.
ONE supports the reintroduction of the CHILD Act, which would double current U.S. funding for child survival and maternal health programs abroad, and provide Vitamin A, vaccines, and antibiotics that can make a difference between life and death for children in developing countries.
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