Thomas Henry Huxley profile picture

Thomas Henry Huxley

Try to learn something about everything and everything about something.

About Me

"If then, said I, the question is put to me would I rather have a miserable ape for a grandfather or a man highly endowed by nature and possessed of great means of influence & yet who employs these faculties & that influence for the mere purpose of introducing ridicule into a grave scientific discussion, I unhesitatingly affirm my preference for the ape."
The last thing that it would be proper for me to do would be to speak of the work of my life, or to say at the end of the day whether I think I have earned my wages or not. Men are said to be partial judges of themselves. Young men may be, I doubt if old men are. Life seems terribly foreshortened as they look back and the mountain they set themselves to climb in youth turns out to be a mere spur of immeasurably higher ranges when, by failing breath, they reach the top. But if I may speak of the objects I have had more or less definitely in view since I began the ascent of my hillock, they are briefly these: To promote the increase of natural knowledge and to forward the application of scientific methods of investigation to all the problems of life to the best of my ability, in the conviction which has grown with my growth and strengthened with my strength, that there is no alleviation for the sufferings of mankind except veracity of thought and of action, and the resolute facing of the world as it is when the garment of make-believe by which pious hands have hidden its uglier features is stripped off.
It is with this intent that I have subordinated any reasonable, or unreasonable, ambition for scientific fame which I may have permitted myself to entertain to other ends; to the popularization of science; to the development and organisation of scientific education; to the endless series of battles and skirmishes over evolution; and to untiring opposition to that ecclesiastical spirit, that clericalism, which in England, as everywhere else, and to whatever denomination it may belong, is the deadly enemy of science.
In striving for the attainment of these objects, I have been but one among many, and I shall be well content to be remembered, or even not remembered, as such. Circumstances, among which I am proud to reckon the devoted kindness of many friends, have led to my occupation of various prominent positions, among which the Presidency of the Royal Society is the highest. It would be mock modesty on my part, with these and other scientific honours which have been bestowed upon me, to pretend that I have not succeeded in the career which I have followed, rather because I was driven into it than of my own free will; but I am afraid I should not count even these things as marks of success if I could not hope that I had somewhat helped that movement of opinion which has been called the New Reformation.

My Interests

"I am afraid there is very little of the genuine naturalist in me. I never collected anything, and species work was always a burden to me; what I cared for was the architectural and engineering part of the business, the working out of the wonderful unity of plan in the thousands and thousands of diverse living constructions, and the modifications of similar apparatuses to serve diverse ends."

Skulls of man and various apes from On the Relations of Man to the Lower Animals, 1861

"Agnosticism simply means that a man shall not say he knows or believes that for which he has no grounds for professing to believe"

"Science is simply common sense at its best - that is, rigidly accurate in observation, and merciless to fallacy in logic"

I'd like to meet:

Fellow skeptics, intellectuals, and pursuers of the sciences.

"The deepest sin of the human mind is to believe things without evidence"

.. Quotes:
"My business is to teach my aspirations to conform themselves to fact, not to try and make facts harmonise with my aspirations."
Letter to Charles Kingsley (23 September 1860)

"The great tragedy of Science — the slaying of a beautiful hypothesis by an ugly fact."
Presidential Address at the British Association for 1870, Biogenesis and Abiogenesis (Collected Essays, vol. 8, p. 229)

"I neither deny nor affirm the immortality of man. I see no reason for believing in it, but, on the other hand, I have no means of disproving it."
Letter to Charles Kingsley (23 September 1860)

"The only medicine for suffering, crime, and all the other woes of mankind, is wisdom."
Science and Education, ch. 4

"The man of science has learned to believe in justification, not by faith, but by verification."
Reflection #4, Aphorisms and Reflections, selected by Henrietta A. Huxley, Macmillan (London, 1907).)

"Let us have "sweet girl graduates" by all means. They will be none the less sweet for a little wisdom; and the "golden hair" will not curl less gracefully outside the head by reason of there being brains within."
Emancipation—Black and White (1865)

"I take it that the good of mankind means the attainment, by every man, of all the happiness which he can enjoy without diminishing the happiness of his fellow men."
Reflection #37, Aphorisms and Reflections, selected by Henrietta A. Huxley, Macmillan (London, 1907).

Books:

On the Educational Value of the Natural History Sciences, 1854
Evidence as to Man's Place in Nature, 1863
On Our Knowledge of the Causes of the Phenomena of Organic Nature. Six Lectures to Working Men, 1863
Lectures on the Elements of Comparative Anatomy, 1864
Lessons in Elementary Physiology, 1866
An Introduction to the Classification of Animals, 1869
A Manual of the Anatomy of Vertebrated Animals, 1871
A Manual of the Anatomy of Invertebrated Animals, 1877
Physiography: An Introduction to the Study of Nature, 1877
American Addresses, 1877
Hume, 1878
The Crayfish: An Introduction to the Study of Zoology, 1879
Introductory Science Primer, 1880
A Manual of the Anatomy of Vertebrated Animals, 1881
Science and Culture, and Other Essays, 1881
Essays on Some Controverted Questions, 1892
Evolution and Ethics, 1893
Collected Essays, 1893

Heroes:

"Logical consequences are the scarecrows of fools and the beacons of wise men."
Charles Darwin
The most important scientist of the 19th century. And perhaps of all times.
Felix Anton Dohrn
Major figure in early phylogenetics; founded the world's first important marine station, leading to key developments in experimental biology.
Joseph Dalton Hooker
British botanist. His studies of variation in plants just before publication of the Origin broke ground for the theory of evolution.
Charles Lyell
Founder of modern geology. He defined the epochs of the Cenozoic and made key advances in stratigraphy, sedimentology, and paleontology.
Herbert Spencer
Widely influential British philosopher, a popularizer of evolutionary theory as far back as 1851. Coined the term "survival of the fittest" and popularized the term "evolution."
John Tyndall
Irish natural philospher and teacher of physics. Argued for the superior authority of science over religious or non-rationalist explanations.

My Blog

Thank you, Mr. Huxley

Allow me to step out of character for a moment. So, just what is it about Thomas Henry Huxley? Why does he warrant being such an obsession (a "post-humous crush", as I like to call it) of mine? I've ...
Posted by Thomas Henry Huxley on Wed, 12 Jul 2006 10:32:00 PST

The Demonstrative Evidence of Evolution

The occurrence of historical facts is said to be demonstrated, when the evidence that they happened is of such a character as to render the assumption that they did not happen in the highest degree im...
Posted by Thomas Henry Huxley on Wed, 12 Jul 2006 10:17:00 PST

Charles Darwin

Very few, even among those who have taken the keenest interest in the progress of the revolution in natural knowledge set afoot by the publication of "The Origin of Species," and who have watched, not...
Posted by Thomas Henry Huxley on Tue, 27 Jun 2006 08:24:00 PST

Palæontology and the Doctrine of Evolution

Collected Essays VIII It is now eight years since, in the absence of the late Mr. Leonard Horner, who then presided over us, it fell to my lot, as one of the Secretaries of this Society, to draw up ...
Posted by Thomas Henry Huxley on Tue, 27 Jun 2006 08:22:00 PST

Remarks Upon Archæopteryx Lithographica

The unique specimen of Archæopteryx lithographica (von Meyer) which at present adorns the collection of fossils in the British Museum, is undoubtedly one of the most interesting relics of the extinct ...
Posted by Thomas Henry Huxley on Mon, 26 Jun 2006 07:42:00 PST

On the Physical Basis of Life

In order to make the title of this discourse generally intelligible, I have translated the term "Protoplasm," which is the scientific name of the substance of which I am about to speak, by the words "...
Posted by Thomas Henry Huxley on Mon, 26 Jun 2006 07:38:00 PST

On a Piece of Chalk

If a well were sunk at our feet in the midst of the city of Norwich, the diggers would very soon find themselves at work in that white substance almost too soft to be called rock, with which we are al...
Posted by Thomas Henry Huxley on Mon, 26 Jun 2006 07:33:00 PST

The Darwinian Hypothesis

Collected Essays II The hypothesis of which the present work of Mr. Darwin is but the preliminary outline, may be stated in his own language as follows:"Species originated by means of natural selecti...
Posted by Thomas Henry Huxley on Tue, 27 Jun 2006 08:33:00 PST

On the Educational Value of the Natural History Sciences

The subject to which I have to beg your attention during the ensuing hour is "The Relation of Physiological Science to other branches of knowledge." Had circumstances permitted of the delivery, in the...
Posted by Thomas Henry Huxley on Tue, 27 Jun 2006 08:31:00 PST