GUSTAV MEYRINK - (January 19, 1868 – December 4, 1932)
Gustav Meyrink was born in Vienna, Austria-Hungary (now Austria). He was the illegitimate son of Baron Karl von Varnbüler von und zu Hemmingen and actress Maria Wilhelmina Adelheyd Meier. Until thirteen years of age Meyrink lived in Munich, where he completed elementary school. He then stayed in Hamburg for a short time. Then his mother moved to Prague in 1883.
Meyrink lived in Prague for twenty years and has depicted it
many times in his works . Prague does not appear as background,
but as a character in most of the short stories of The German
Philistine's Horn cycle, as well as the novels The Golem and
Walpurgis Night, and determines the tone of the most important
part of the novel The Angel of the West Window. It is clearly
visible through slightly abstract architecture of The White
Dominican.
In Prague an event occurred which played a providential role in
Meyrink's life. Meyrink described it in the autobiographical
short story "The Pilot". That day, August 14, 1892, on
Assumption Eve, Meyrink, 24 years old, was standing at his table
with a gun at his hand, strongly determined to shoot himself. At
that moment he heard a strange scratch and someone's hand put a
tiny booklet under his door. The booklet was called Afterlife.
Meyrink was shocked by this dramatic coincidence and started to
study the literature of the occult. Having studied theosophy,
Kabbala, christian Sophiology and Eastern mysticism, he also
tried to practise (in the beginning, quite naively). Until his
death Meyrink practised yoga. It was hatha-yoga which helped him
to work off serious back pain exacerbated by diabetes. Results
of these studies are clearly seen in Meyrink's works, which
almost always deal with various occult traditions. Gershom
Sholem, an expert in Jewish mysticism, has stated that Meyrink's
works are based on superficial sources and have no ties with any
authentic tradition. He was, after all, a fiction writer.
At that time Meyrink also was a member of the famous Hermetic
Order of the Golden Dawn in London. This is proved by the letter
from William Wynn Westcott (1893), which has remained in
Meyrink's private archives.
In 1902 Meyrink was charged with fraud. He was charged with
using spiritualism in order to benefit from banking operations.
Though in two months he was released from jail, his banking
career was over. His jailhouse experiences are depicted in his
most famous novel, The Golem.
In 1900s Meyrink started publishing satiric short stories in the
Simplicissimus magazine, signing it under his mother's surname.
On spring 1903 first Meyrink's book The Hot Soldier and Other
Stories was released. Approximately at the same time he moved to
Vienna. Almost immediately after his arrival another compilation
of his short stories, The Orchid. Strange stories, was released.
On May 8, 1905 Meyrink married Philomene Bernt, whom he had
known since 1896. On July 16, 1906 his daughter Sybil Felizata
was born.
In 1908 the third compilation of short stories, Waxworks, was
published.
On January 17, 1908, just the day before Meyrink's fortieth
birthday, the second son, Harro Fortunat, was born. Subsequently
the main character in the second Meyrink's novel The Green Face
was given the same name.
Being in dire straits, Meyrink started working as a translator
and he became a prolific one; in five years he managed to
translate into German fifteen volumes of Charles Dickens. He
continued translating until his death, including various occult
works and even Book of the Dead.
In 1911 Meyrink with his family moved to the little Bavarian
town Starnberg, and in 1913 in Munich the book called The German
Philistine's Horn was released. It was a compilation of short
stories from the previous three books and several new ones.
In 1915 the first and the most famous Meyrink's novel, The Golem,
was published, though its drafts may be traced back to 1908. The
novel is rooted in Jewish legend about a rabbi who made a living
being called golem (גול&#
1501;) out of clay and animated him with a
Kabbalistic spell. The main character is Athanasius Pernath, a
contemporary artist from Prague. It is left to the reader to
decide whether Pernath is simply writing down his hallucinations
or gradually turning into a real golem. The novel was a huge
success, an unprecedented amount of copies of it were published.
In 1916 one more compilation of short stories, Bats, and soon
the second novel, The Green Face, came into the world. The
number of copies sold of The Green Face reached 40,000, and
100,000 of The Golem.
The next year the third novel, Walpurgis Night, was written. It
was the strange coincidence, that the novel about popular riots,
which were instigated by the forces of evil and which flooded
Prague with blood, was released in 1917.
By 1920 Meyrink's financial affairs improved so that he managed
to buy a villa in Starnberg. The villa became known as "The
House at the Last Lantern" after the name of the house from The
Golem. There he and his family lived for the next eight years
and two more masterpieces — The White Dominican and Meyrink's
biggest novel The Angel of the West Window — were written.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
::
The
Hot Soldier (Der heiße Soldat) 1903,
::
The
Waxworks 1907,
:: The
German Philistine's Horn 1909,
:: The
Golem (Der Golem) 1914,
:: The
Green Face (Das grüne Gesicht) 1916,
::
Walpurgis
Night (Walpurgisnacht) 1917,
::
The
Land of the Time-Leeches 1920,
::
The
White Dominican (Der weiße Dominikaner) 1921
::
At
the Threshold of the Beyond 1923,
::
The
Angel of the West Window (Der Engel vom westlichen Fenster) 1927,