About Me
..Crnjanski je roÄ‘en 26. oktobra 1893. godine u ÄŒongradu, u MaÄ‘arskoj, u osiromaÅ¡enoj graÄ‘anskoj porodici, a odrastao je u TemiÅ¡varu, u patrijarhalno-rodoljubivoj sredini koja će mu kult Srbije i njene proÅ¡losti usaditi u duÅ¡u kao najdražu relikviju. Najdublje i najtrajnije senzacije svojih deÄijih i deÄaÄkih godina doživljavao je u tipiÄno nacionalnim i verskim sadržajima: crkvena Å¡kola, ikona svetoga Save, tamnjan, pravoslavno srpsko groblje sa ritualom sahrane i zaduÅ¡nica, veÄernje priÄe i pesme o Srbiji, hajduÄiji i nabijanju na kolac - sve se to u deÄakovim emocijama pretvaralo u trajan nemir i nepresuÅ¡an izvor nada, radosti, sumnji, razoÄaranja i podizanja.Na samom poÄetku Prvog svetskog rata Crnjanski je doživeo odmazdu austrijskih vlasti zbog Principovih revolverskih hitaca u Sarajevu, ali umesto tamniÄkog odela obukli su mu uniformu austrijskog vojnika i poslali ga na galicijski front da juriÅ¡a na Ruse. Veći deo vremena iz tih tragiÄnih ratnih dana Crnjanski provodi u samoći ratne bolnice, viÅ¡e uz miris jodoforma nego baruta, da bi se tek pred sam kraj rata obreo i na italijanskom frontu. U njegove uspomene neizbrisivo su se utisnuli prizori ratne pustoÅ¡i. "...Front, bolnice, pa opet front, i ljubavi, svuda ljubavi, za hleb i za Å¡ećer, sve mokro, sve kiÅ¡a i blato, magle umiranja" – to su bila viÄ‘enja života u kojima je sazrevao mladi Crnjanski.Trideset miliona nedužnih mrtvih ljudi naÅ¡lo je mesta u antiratnim stihovima ovog nesrećnog mladog ratnika koje je on iz rata doneo u svojoj vojniÄkoj torbi, prvo u Zagreb, a zatim u Beograd, gde se najduže zadržao.Crnjanski otada živi kao povratnik koji se, kao nesrećni Homerov junak, posle duge odiseje vraća na svoju Itaku. MeÄ‘utim, dok je Odisej znao da saÄuva bodrost duha i životnu Ävrstinu, Crnjanski se, sa Äitavom svojom generacijom, vratio u razorenu domovinu sa umorom i rezignacijom. "U velikom haosu rata – govorio je mladi pesnik – bio sam nepokolebljiv u svojim tugama, zamiÅ¡ljenosti i mutnom osećanju samoće". I u svojim ratnim i poratnim stihovima, ovaj umorni povratnik iskreno je pevao o svojoj rezignaciji i izgubljenim iluzijama. Iz tog potucanja po krvavim svetskim ratiÅ¡tima Crnjanski se vraća mislima o nužnosti ruÅ¡enja lažnog mita o „veÄitim“ vrednostima graÄ‘anske etike. I u poeziji i u životu on živi kao sentimentalni anarhist i umoran defetist koji sa tugom posmatra relikvije svoje mladosti, sada poprskane krvlju i poljuvane u blatu. Osećao se tada pripadnikom naprednih druÅ¡tvenih snaga i glasno se izjaÅ¡njavao za socijalizam, ali njegovo buntarstvo iz tih godina bila je samo „krvava eksplozija“ nekog nejasnog druÅ¡tvenog taloga donesenog iz rata.Književno stvaranje MiloÅ¡a Crnjanskog u tom periodu bilo je krupan doprinos naporu njegove generacije da se naÄ‘e nov jezik i izraz za nove teme i sadržaje. Govoreći o literarnom programu svoje pesniÄke generacije, on je pisao: "Kao neka sekta, posle tolikog vremena, dok je umetnost zanÄila razbibrigu, donosimo nemir i prevrat, u reÄi, u osećaju, miÅ¡ljenju. Ako ga joÅ¡ nismo izrazili, imamo ga neosporno o sebi. Iz masa, iz zemlje, iz vremena preÅ¡ao je na nas. I ne dà se uguÅ¡iti... Prekinuli smo sa tradicijom, jer se bacamo strmoglavo u budućnost... lirika postaje strasna ispovest nove vere." Potpuno novim stihom i sa puno emocijalne gorÄine on je tada kazivao svoj bunt, opevao besmislenost rata, jetko negirao vidovdanske mitove i sarkastiÄno ismevao zabludu o „zlatnom veku“ koji je obećavan ÄoveÄanstvu.Snagom svoje sugestivne pesniÄke reÄi on je mnoge vrednosti graÄ‘anske ideologije pretvarao u ruÅ¡evine, ali na tim ruÅ¡evinama nije mogao niti umeo da vidi i zapoÄne novo. Crnjanski je i u stihu i u prozi tih poratnih godina bio snažan sve dok je u njemu živeo revolt na rat. Ali su se vremenom takva sećanja stiÅ¡ala, pa kad je ovaj pesniÄki brod trebalo jasnije da uputi i povede, Crnjanski je i dalje lutao i posrtao, približavajući se idealima srpske buržoazije preplaÅ¡ene blizinom proleterske revolucije.Drugi svetski rat i dugi niz poratnih godina Crnjanski je proveo u emigraciji u Londonu, odakle se vratio svojoj zemlji 1965. godine. U traganju za obalama svoga života, on je s radošću ugledao Beograd koji je u njegovoj nostalgiji blistao "kao kroz suze ljudski smeh". U Beogradu je i preminuo 30. 11. 1977. godine.-----------------------------------------------------
--------------------------Crnjanski was born on October 26, 1893 in Csongrad, Hungary, to an impoverished family which moved in 1896 to Timişoara, where he grew up in a patriarchal-patriotic community with the implanted cult of Serbia and Serbian heritage in his soul as a most precious relic. One of the deepest and longest lasting sensations of his childhood were those with national and religious contents: church school, St. Sava icon, incense, the Serbian Orthodox cemetery with its burial ceremonies, evening stories and songs about Serbia, hajduks, and Ottoman Turkish oppression - all of it in a boy's emotions transferred into continual unrest, but also became an everlasting source of hope, joy, doubt, disappointment, and rebelliousness.At the beginning of World War I, Crnjanski was persecuted as part of the general anti-Serbian retribution of Austria to Princip's assassination in Sarajevo, but instead of being sent to jail, he was drafted to army and sent to Galician frontline to fight against the Russians. During most of these tragic war days, Crnjanski spent time alone in a war hospital, although just before the end of the war he was sent to the Italian front. In his memory, sights of the havoc of war were impressed unerasably. "...frontline, hospitals, then frontline again, and love, everywhere love, for bread and sugar, everything wet, everywhere rain and mud, fogs of dying" – these were the sights that surrounded young Crnjanski. After the war, he studied art history and philosophy in Vienna and graduated from the University of Belgrade.
Thirty million innocent young war dead found their place in the anti-war verses of this unfortunate young soldier, ideas which he brought from the war, then to Zagreb and to Belgrade, where he stayed for the longest time. From this point on, Crnjanski lived like Homer's unfortunate hero, who returns to his poem Ithaca after his long odyssey. Odysseus, this hero found a way to preserve the vital strength of life, unlike Crnjanski who (along with his generation) returned to their destroyed homeland with the feeling of tiredness and resignation. "In the great chaos of war," spoke the young poet, "I was unfaltering in my grief, muse and opaque feeling of loneliness." Both in his wartime and post-war verses, this tired poet wrote sincerely of his resignation and lost illusions.From his ramble across bloody frontlines of Europe, Crnjanski returned to thoughts about the necessity of dispelling the false myths of the "eternal" values of civil ethics. Both in poetry and life, he lives as a sentimental anarchist and tired defeatist who remembered sorrowfully the relics of his youth, now in his eyes discarded, bloodied, and spat upon. At the time he considered himself a member of progressive social forces and argued for socialism, but his rebellion from those days was only perhaps a strong reaction to the horrors of the recent wars.The literary work of Miloš Crnjanski from that period was a significant contribution to the effort of his generation to find a new language and expression for new themes and concepts. Speaking about the literary project of the poets of his generation, he wrote that it was "like a some kind of a religious cult, after a lot of time, while art was meant to be a pastime, we are bringing unrest and upheaval, in word--feeling, thought. Even if we haven't expressed it yet, we undoubtedly have it inside of us. From the mass, from the ground, from the time, it went to us. And it is not to be strangled... We stopped with tradition, for we were jumping towards the future... lyrics are becoming a passionate expression of a new faith." With completely new verse, and a lot of emotional bitterness, he expressed his discord, in those days, he spoke about futility of war, pugently negated Kosovo battle myths and sarcastically mocked what he saw as the delusion of a "golden century" for mankind.Using the strength of the compelling poet's word, he may have done away with many civil values, but he wasn't able to see or start something new from the ruins. Both the verse and prose of Crnjanski was strong during post-war years, as long as war-fuelled revolt lived on in him. In time, however, those feelings dwindled, and, Crnjanski still wandered and staggered, gradually growing closer to the ideals of Serbian bourgeoisie, afraid of the approaching proletarian revolution.
After war, Crnjanski worked as a professor and journalist. In 1928 he had been appointed the cultural attaché to the embassy of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia in Berlin, Lisbon and Rome. When World War II began, he was in Rome. From there, he went to London, where he lived as an emigré and didn't return to Belgrade until 1965. In his quest to reach the shores of his life, he was happy to see Belgrade, which glistened in his nostalgia "like a human laughter through tears". He died in Belgrade on November 30, 1977.BY WIKIPEDIA
