Member Since: 11/3/2006
Band Website: gayebykersonacid.com
Band Members:The history Transistor Bass
The TB303 (Transistor Bass) was introduced in the early 1982's together with the TR606 Drumatix (Transistor Rythm) by Roland. It was invented by Tadao Kikumoto. At that time the 303 was not an expensive piece, only about £215. The two small plastic-pieces were intended to emulate a real bass player and a real drummer. Obviously only very few musicians used the TB303 and TR606 for that purpose because the machines just could not replace the real thing. Their sounds didn't anywhere come near a real bass or drumset, and the musicians didn't want to go through the time-consuming task of programming the machines. Since nobody wanted the TB303 anymore, Roland stopped producing them 18 months after releasing it. At that time they'd produced about 20.000 copies alltogether.
It was not until 1987 when a DJ (rumors has it that it was DJ Pierre) came up with the idea to turn the knobs while playing the TB303 that acid house was born. After that the machine suddently became more and more wanted and soaked for.
Today's acid music is very different from the acid house of the 80's/early 90's. Now acid music is typically produced using the TB303 and a TR909. The TR909 drum machine produces a much more hard, much more dancable beat. The bassdrum really kicks and it has got a very famous clap!
As if that wasn't enough, apply a guitar-distortion pedal and the sound is now much more harsher and emphasizes the resonance into agony screams. BIG fat sounds from small machines!!
The unique sound
I've listened a lot to the TB303 through the years. It's obvious that the sound is not heard alike on any other synth. Some people may claim, that there is no difference from the sound of the TB303 and Deep Bass Nine. Some may think they're able to make an acid track using a clone. I'd say they're truly wrong. A true 303-freak will be able to hear the difference, and they won't settle for less than the real thing/sound!
The reason for the TB303's unique sound is in my opinion:Accent:
The accent is in my opinion the most important feature on the TB-303. This is what makes the basslines slam! It's not emulated properly in any emulator I've heard. Why? Because it's a complex thing:
The accent does not shape or alter the sound itself. What it does is it simply tweaks the vcf and the vca in a special way.
First of all, accented notes are louder than normal ones. About twice as loud. Therefore it's a fact that the accent knob controls the VCA.
Also, accented notes decay faster than normal ones. If an accented note is being played and the accent knob is fully anti-clockwise, you would not hear it saying "WAOuw", but more like "UW". This decay time is fixed and cannot be controlled.
If the accent-know is fully clockwise the sound will sound more like "WAOuw". The accent knob controls to what extend the filter should open. The accent knob, in other words, forces the cutoff frequency to rise to a certain level (determined by how much the accent knob is turned clockwise) and then fall back to a normal level. -Actually it will fall back to a level slightly lower than a normal note because of the fixed additional decay!
If several accented notes are beeing played in quick succession it really starts to get fun.
What happens is the cutoff-frequency doesn't fall back to it's normal level before the next accent will start, thereby causing the next accent to start at a slightly higher cutoff. This effect increases the faster (BPM) you play. The accent sweep is not linear. First, the cutoff raises quickly. Towards it's peak it rounds off a bit and then it starts dropping. Fast at first towards a smooth soft curve.
Accented notes also seems to be more resonant than normal ones. I think that's the reason why it'll scream or whistle instead of just saying "waow". The resonance slam contributes into making the accent the powerful hammer it is!
The sweep time is approx 200ms.Slide:
The TB-303 slide is also unique. It uses what one could call constant time slide. This means, that the time it takes to slide from a "C-1" to a "C-3" is the same time it would take to slide from a "C-1" to a "C1"! This gives some bouncy basslines not heard on many other synths. If a note is told to slide to another note, the actual slide starts on the succeding note, and finishes just before the gate turns the note off!. -Actually some people claim that it starts just before the succeding note, just as a real bassplayer would. I don't know if this is true or not, but with all theese screwy things going on inside this little box, why not!Clipping:
The 303 seems to clip off amplitudes above 85%. Furthermore, where the clipping occurs, very high-frequency sine-peaks shows, just as if the sounds are sligthly highpass-filtered just before it's being played. I think the clipping adds crispness and shreddyness to the sound of the TB-303. No other synth that I know of has the same nasal sound as the 303! This is because of clipping. It might be an error or bug not taken care of back in the 80's, but never mind, it works in the 90's!The filter:
The filter of the TB303 is a resonant lowpass 18db/oct. It will be driven into oscillation by applying resonance, but will never self-oscillate! The filter is, in other words, stable! There is not much else to say about the filter other than 18db/oct is not very used - most other synths tend to be using either 12db/oct or 24db/oct lowpass filters and then the fact that the filter is controlled by cutoff-, resonance-, decay-, envmod- and accent-knobs and that added togetger is in fact what created "the acid machine" back then!
SPECIFICATIONSRam chips: Nec's µPD-444C CMOS RAM, 1024 x 4 Bit Static.
CPU type: Nec's µPD-650C-133, 4-bit microcomputer. (133=Roland's ID internal firmware Rom code).
Dimensions: 300 mm (width)x148 mm (Depth)x55 mm (Height).
Weight: 1 Kg
Sound range: 3 Octaves (4 octaves in a TRACK).
Tone control: Cutoff Frequency, Resonance, Envelope Modulation, Decay, Accent, Waveform (Saw/Square).
Tuning control: +- 500 overcents.
Tempo control: 40 to 300 BPM.
Memory: 64 measures x 7 TRACKS (256 measures maximum). Memory backup.
Output: Main (Regular Jack, Impedance 10Kohm) - Headphones (Stereo Jack, Impedance 8ohm-30ohm).
CV/GATE Out: Mini-Jacks (CV: [= +1V | - +5V], 1 volt/octave / GATE: [OFF 0V | ON +12V]).
Sync24: Din connector. Synchronizable with TR-606, CR-8000, NOVATION DRUMSTATION, ...
Mix in: Regular Jack, Impedance 100Kohm. Output level 1:1.
Power supply: Battery - 6V (1.5V x 4). AC adaptator 9V. Current drain : min 80mA, max 120mA.
Accessories: Soft Case.
Tadao Kikumoto
(creator of the TB-303 and the TR-909)
Influences: Notable acid house artistsPhuture - Chicago-based group of acid house pioneers, formed in 1985 and best known for their classic 1987 single Acid Trax, which is considered to be the E.P. which gave birth to the Acid House Movement.
DJ Pierre, a member of Phuture, released various solo acid house tracks and remixes
Armando (Armando Gallop, 1970–1996) - another Chicago acid house musician
Mr. Lee - another Chicago house musician who released several acid house tracks in 1988
Fast Eddie - another Chicago house musician, for "Acid Thunder"
Adonis - another Chicago house musician, for "We're Rockin Down The House"
Lil Louis - another Chicago house musician, for "Frequency"
808 State - Manchester, UK-based group of house/techno musicians, formed in 1989. Their first album, Newbuild, was acid house, and occasional acid house influences appear in later tracks.
A Guy Called Gerald - 808 State cofounder, for the single "Voodoo Ray"
The KLF - for "What Time Is Love?" and their self-described "stadium house" sound, which mixes acid house with hip-hop, pop, and stadium rock/chant influences
The Shamen - Psychedelic techno act formed as a rock band in Aberdeen, Scotland in 1986. One of the first groups to bring acid house and techno into the pop mainstream.
Psychic TV
S'Express - Brought acid house to no.1 in the United Kingdom
Egebamyasi- Scottish acid house pioneer
Ceephax Acid Crew
Alabama 3 - Mixed acid house with Rock, Gospel, and Country
Sounds Like: ACID HOUSEAcid house may have started in Chicago, but it quickly moved across the Atlantic to the United Kingdom, where it became the foundation for the early rave scene, which adopted the yellow smiley symbol to represent acid house music and rave culture.[1] Acid house began influencing UK pop music, emerging in a somewhat sanitized form in songs like Bananarama's "Tripping on Your Love" and Samantha Fox's "Love House", and appearing as remixes of pop songs on 12" singles by mainstream acts. It also manifested in the number-one hit "Theme from S'Express" by electronic band S'Express.
In the late 1980s and early 1990s, however, news media and tabloids devoted an increasing amount of coverage to the hedonistic acid house/rave scene, focusing on its association with psychedelic drugs. The sensationalistic nature of the media coverage and its relentless questioning of the meaning of "acid" in "acid house" makes it impossible to gauge the actual prevalence of drugs at early raves and acid house parties. The coverage is widely believed to have ultimately contributed to the banning of acid house, during its heyday, from radio, television, and retail outlets in the United Kingdom.
Musically, acid house eventually moved away from its almost exclusive reliance on the TB-303, but continued to remain true to its roots of repeated sound sequences being shifted and warped by modulation over time.
[edit]EtymologyThere are conflicting accounts about how "acid" came to describe this new style of house music.
It is a celebratory reference to LSD — some feel that early producers of the new style of house music, as well as people at nightclubs where the music was played, enjoyed the drug and its interaction with the music. No citations are available to confirm or deny this explanation. Genesis P-Orridge, principal member of the experimental music collective Psychic TV, is believed by some to be a primary source of this claim. P-Orridge made various claims of responsibility for inventing the term and the style of music, but at least one former member of Psychic TV disputes all of the claims,[2] and in an interview in the 1999 documentary Better Living Through Circuitry, P-Orridge admitted that it was a clerk in a Chicago record shop who used the word "acid" to describe the most experimental, bizarre house records that were on hand and that P-Orridge asked to be shown. In the interview, P-Orridge reported having an epiphany, while listening to those records, that the music was not very psychedelic, except by virtue of its tempo. Afterward, the music and imagery of Psychic TV records was very deliberately influenced by the acid house style and was quite celebratory of LSD in particular. P-Orridge later claimed to have been the first to introduce psychedelic elements to the music.
It is a celebratory reference to psychedelic drugs in general — some feel that Ecstasy (MDMA) was more popular and prevalent than LSD among musicians and nightclub patrons in the mid-1980s. No citations are available to confirm or deny this explanation. There are many citations of Ecstasy being prevalent in post-Chicago U.S. nightclub and UK rave party scenes of the late 1980s, but acid house had already been named by then.
It was used in Chicago, at the time, to describe house music in the style of "Ron Hardy's Acid Track". — Before Phuture's "Acid Trax" was given a title for commercial release, it was played at a nightclub by DJ Ron Hardy and was called "Ron Hardy's Acid Track" (or "Ron Hardy's Acid Trax") by some, because it was so "hot" (immediately popular) that it "burned the dance floor like acid". Phuture's title followed, and the term Acid House came into common parlance to describe house music with similar affectations, without regard to possible drug influence. No citations are available to confirm or deny this explanation.[3]
It was used in Chicago, at the time, to describe house music that contained many samples of other recordings — the use of such samples was considered unscrupulous by some, so it is believed by some that the term "acid" or "acid burning" was merely meant to have a harsh, unpleasant connotation. This explanation, sometimes including aspects of the others, has been widely repeated in the press[4][5] and even in the British House of Commons.[6] However, there are at least two reasons why it may not be true: 1. Early house music producers did borrow sounds from each other's recordings, but the majority of acid house music tended to consist of fully original compositions. 2. In 1991, UK Libertarian advocate Paul Staines wrote, "I made up this explanation at a press conference held to launch the Freedom to Party Campaign at the Conservative Party conference in October 1989. I was attempting to desperately play down the drug aspect in a forlorn attempt to discourage anti-party legislation, reasoning that the British public might accept massive noisy parties, but thousands of teenagers on drugs were definitely not acceptable. This, incidentally, is the most successful lie I have ever told. Japanese music journalists have solemnly repeated it to me in the course of interviews and from MTV to ITN it has been broadcast as a fact. Only once was I caught out, when at a seminar held at the DMC World Disc Jockey Mixing Championships, a DJ from Chicago stood up and told the 1,000 or so people in the hall that I was talkin' a complete load of fuckin' bullshit —which I was."[7][8] However, some feel that Staines, like Genesis P-Orridge, is not a reliable source of information.
It is a colloquialism intended to suggest that the music itself was enhanced and transformed in a manner suggestive of the effects of LSD. Some believe that the addition of the squelch and deep bass of the TB-303 synthesizer to house music makes it sound like the music itself has been subjected to the effects of LSD, or that it induces LSD's effects in those who listen and dance to it. No citations are available to confirm or deny this explanation.
Once the term acid house was coined and began to appear alongside these varying explanations, many participants at acid house themed events made the psychedelic drug connotations a reality[9][10].[11] This coincided with an increasing level of scrutiny and sensationalism in the mainstream press[12],[13] although conflicting accounts about the degree of connection between acid house music and drugs continued to surface.
Record Label: unsigned
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