Country Profile
Conventional Name of Country in English Known as 'China' from 1911 to 1949
Known as 'Nationalist China' during the Cold War (1947-1991)
Also Known as 'Free China' during the Cold War (1947-1991)
Known as 'Taiwan' from the 1990s to the Present Day
Official Name of Country in English The 'Republic of China'
or less commonly the 'Chinese Republic'
Official Name of Country in Local Language Tongyong Pinyin: Jhong Hua Min Guo
Wade-Giles: Chung-hua Min-kuo
Hanyu Pinyin: Zhong Hua Min Guo
Yale: Jung Hwa Min Gwo
Other: Chung Hwa Min Kuo
Taiwanese (Min-nan): Tiong Hoa Bin Kok
Cantonese: Chung Wah Man Kwok
Declared Oct. 10, 1911
Established Jan. 1, 1912
Capital City Taipei (De Facto)
Nanking (De Jure)
Largest City Taipei (Taiwan Area)
Shanghai (Mainland Area)
Area 35,980 square kilometers (De Facto) Rank 135 in Area
11,368,673 square kilometers (De Jure) Rank 2 in Area (behind Russia)
Population 22,894,384 (Taiwan Area)
1,320,000,000 (Mainland Area)
Official Language(s) Mandarin Chinese
Unofficial Language(s) Taiwan Area: Min-nan (Taiwanese); Hakka
Mainland Area: Yue (Cantonese), Wu, Min-nan, Min- tung, Hakka, Kan, Hsiang, Tibetan, Mongolian, Manchu, Uyghur, Korean, etc
Ethnic Groups Taiwan Area: 99% Han Chinese (70% Fukienese, 15% Hakka, 14% Mainlander), 1% Aborigine
Mainland Area: 92% Han Chinese, 8% Other (incl. Mongol, Manchu, Tibetan, etc.)
Religion Primarily Buddhist, Taoist, Confucianist; small Christian and Muslim minority
Currency New Taiwan Dollar, issued by the Central Bank of China
National Anthem National Anthem of the Republic of China (Official)
Flag Raising Song (De Facto in International Events)
Government Type Semi-Presidential Republic governed by Five Power Constitution and a National Assembly
Political Parties Kuomintang (KMT); Democratic Progressive Party (DPP); People First Party (PFP); New Party; (NP); Taiwan Soliditary Union (TSU)
Disputes Officially claims Mainland China and Outer Mongolia; People's Republic of China claims to have succeeded the Republic of China after 1949 therefore claiming the Republic of China to be defunct and illegitimate. On less official terms, it is involved in a complex dispute with Vietnam, the People's Republic of China, and other nations over the Sparty Islands. In addition, the Republic of China, along with the People's Republic of China, claims the Diaoyutai Islands, which are currently administered by Japan.
Brief History of the Republic of China The Republic of China was proclaimed on October 10, 1911, following the Hsinhai Revolution, which led to the collapse of the Ch'ing Dynasty, ending more than 2000 years of Imperial Rule in China. The Republic of China was officially established by National Father Sun Yat-sen on January 1, 1912 with Nanking designated as the Capital City of the Republic of China. The Republic of China prides itself as being the oldest democratic republic in Asia. However, the early years of the Republic of China were scarred by warlordism in the North and foreign interference in China. Sun Yat-sen died of cancer while en route to Peip'ing and Chiang Kai-shek, a close associate of Sun, soon emerged victorious after a power struggle with Wang Ching-wei. Chiang led the Northern Expedition and successfully exterminated the warlords in 1928. However, the Mukden Incident gave the Japanese an opportunity to invade Manchuria in 1931. Meanwhile, the Chinese Communist Party was formed in Shanghai in 1921 and openly denounced the Kuomintang. The Kuomintang had forged a temporary alliance with the Communists when fighting the warlords. However, the Kuomintang broke off the alliance when the Communists refused to fully cooperate in the National Revolution. The attempt to destroy the Communists in 1934 led to the Long March, in which the Communists, led by Mao Tse-tung, made an 8000 kilometer journey over 370 days to escape from their destruction. In 1937, following the Marco Polo Bridge Incident, the Imperial Japanese Army invaded China and triggered the Second Sino-Japanese War from their base in Manchuria, which they had acquired 6 years prior. Following the Si'an Incident, Chiang Kai-shek, agreed to commit all efforts to defeating the Japanese and temporary cease hostilities against the Communists. While the Nationalist Army fought all out against the invading Japanese, the Communists took advantage by secretly building up power and influence in the countryside. In 1945, following Japan's surrender, the Republic of China, along with the Soviet Union, the United States, the United Kingdom, and France, established the United Nations. While the Repubic of China gained international attention, recognition, and support, the Communists were threatening its power. The Chinese Civil War had resumed between the Kuomintang and the Communists, and in 1948, martial law was declared by Chiang Kai-shek and approved by the National Assembly of the Republic of China. By 1949, the Communists had successfully conquered Mainland China and declared the establishment of the People's Republic of China on October 1, 1949. The Kuomintang, along with the government of the Republic of China, all government affiliated organizations, and 2 million refuges, relocated to the island province of Taiwan as Chiang Kai-shek declared the city of Taipei to be the temporary capital of the Republic of China. There, the Republic of China continued to claim to be the legitimate government of all of China. The Republic of China on Taiwan was to remain under martial law until the Mainland could be retaken from the Communists. In 1971, the Republic of China was expelled from the United Nations as the People's Republic of China was admitted in place of the Republic of China. In the 1980s and early 1990s, the Republic of China gradually ridded itself of martial law as retaking the Mainland became less of a possibility. During the Cold War era, the Kuomintang transformed Taiwan from a rural based economy to a major economic and financial center and made Taiwan a model province of the Republic of China. From its establishment until the late 1990s, the Republic of China and its governmental bodies were closely associated with the Kuomintang, which established the Republic of China in the first place. However, in 2000, following a split within the Kuomintang, the Democratic Progressive Party took power, ending more than 50 years of Kuomintang rule over Taiwan. They openly adhered to Taiwan Independence in which a Republic of Taiwan will be established. Under the administration of the Democratic Progressive Party, the Republic of China went through numerous reformation and has lost its prestige both in Taiwan and in the world at whole. The Democratic Progressive Party has continued its policy of Taiwan Independence leanings and has commited millions upon millions of dollars to wipe out any symbolism that would connect Taiwan to the idea of China. Taiwan's Gross Domestic Product has experienced virtually no growth since the Democratic Progressive Party's taking power. Its administration has refused to accept the One-China principle, even if that one China is the Republic of China and has refused to improve Cross-Strait Relations.
.. You scored as Kuomintang.
Kuomintang
100%
Communist
0%
Taiwan Independence
0%
Chinese Political Views
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