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City of Sremski Karlovci

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Sremski Karlovci (Сремски Карловци) is a town and municipality in the autonomous province of Vojvodina, Serbia, situated on the bank of the river Danube, 8 km from Novi Sad. In 2002, its population was 8,839. In Serbian, the town is known as Sremski Karlovci (Сремски Карловци), in German as Karlowitz or Carlowitz, in Croatian as Srijemski Karlovci, in Hungarian as Karlóca, and in Turkish as Karlofça. Former Serbian name used for the town was Karlovci (Карловци) - it is used today as well, but unofficially. The town is situated in the geographical region of Srem (hence the name), but it is part of the South Bačka District. In ancient times, a small Roman fortress existed at this location. The town was first mentioned in historical documents in 1308 with the name Karom. The fortress of Karom was built on the ruins of the ancient Roman one. Until 1521, the Karom was a possession of the Hungarian noble families, of which the most well known were Báthory and Morović. Turkish military commander Bali-beg conquered Karom in 1521, and in the next 170 years, the town was part of the Ottoman Empire. The Slavic name for the town - Karlovci, was first recorded in 1532/33. During the Ottoman rule, the town was mostly populated by Serbs, with the smaller part of population composed of Turks. According to the Ottoman defters from 1545, the population of Karlovci numbered 547 Christian (Serb) houses, thus it was the largest city with Serb majority in the whole Ottoman Empire. The city also had three Orthodox churches and a monastery. Between November 16, 1698, and January 26, 1699, the town of Karlovci was the site of a congress that ended the hostilities between the Ottoman Empire and the Holy League, a coalition of various European powers including Habsburg Monarchy, Poland, Venice and Russia; the congress produced the Treaty of Karlowitz. After this peace treaty, the town was part of the Habsburg Monarchy and was included into the Military Frontier. According to the 1702 data, the population of the town was composed of 215 Orthodox and 13 Catholic houses, while according to the 1753 data, the population of the town numbered 3,843 people, of which 3,110 were ethnic Serbs. The town was also the spiritual, political and cultural centre of the Serbs in the Habsburg Monarchy. The Metropolitan of the Serb Orthodox Church resided in the town. To this day, the Serb Orthodox Patriarch retains the title of Metropolitan of Karlovci. The town also featured the earliest Serb (and Slavic in general) grammar school (Serbian: gimnazija/гимназија, French: lycée) founded on August 3, 1791. Three years after this, an Orthodox seminary was also founded in the town. It was the second oldest Orthodox seminary in the World (After the Spiritual Academy in Kiev), and it operates to this day. At the Serb National Assembly in Karlovci in May, 1848, Serbs declared the unification of the regions of Srem, Banat, Bačka, and Baranja (including parts of the Military Frontier) into the province of Serbian Vojvodina. The first capital of Serbian Vojvodina was in Karlovci, until it was latter moved to Zemun, Veliki Bečkerek, and Temišvar. In the same time the title of the Orthodox Metropolitan of Karlovci was raised to that of the Patriarch, which thus established a Orthodox Patriarchate of Karlovci that existed until 1920 when it was joined with Metropolitanate of Belgrade to form the new Patriarchate of Serbia. When Serbian Vojvodina was in 1849 transformed into the new province named Vojvodina of Serbia and Tamiš Banat, Karlovci were not included into this province, but were returned under the administration of the Military Frontier (Slavonian Krajina). With the abolishment of the Military Frontier in 1881, the town was included into Croatia-Slavonia, the autonomous kingdom within Austria-Hungary. In 1918, the town became part of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes. In the 1920s, it became the headquarters of Russian White émigrés of General Wrangel whose monument remains to this day. It was also home to the Holy Synod of the Russian Orthodox Church Outside Russia. Between 1929 and 1941, the town was part of Danube Banovina, a province of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia. During World War 2 (1941-1944), the town was occupied by the Axis Powers and it was attached to the Independent State of Croatia. During that time its name was changed to Hrvatski Karlovci. Since the end of the war, the town has been part of the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina. Between 1980 and 1989, Sremski Karlovci was one of the seven municipalities of Novi Sad City. Today, the municipality is not part of Novi Sad City, but a separate administrative unit.


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PERIPHERY OF SREMSKI KARLOVCI

PERIPHERY OF SREMSKI KARLOVCI STRA--ILOVO A famous view point Stra--ilovo is only four kilometers afar from Sremski Karlovci. Besides its extraordinary natural beauty it is known because a Serbian rom...
Posted by on Tue, 29 Jan 2008 13:35:00 GMT

WINE-GROWING AND WINE-PRODUCING

WINE-GROWING AND WINE-PRODUCING This region is a home of best grape sorts and best wine in Srem. This wine sorts were drunken for ages and became world wide famous. They were sold even farther from Vi...
Posted by on Tue, 29 Jan 2008 13:33:00 GMT

THE CHAPEL OF VIRGIN MARY OF PEACE

..> THE CHAPEL OF VIRGIN MARY OF PEACE The Chapel of Peace is built on the place where a small log house was. An event that took place in it at the end of 17th century made that cabin important and...
Posted by on Tue, 29 Jan 2008 13:31:00 GMT

THE PALACE ILION - THE RESIDENCE OF BARON RAJACIC

THE PALACE "ILION" - THE RESIDENCE OF BARON RAJA--I--THE TOWN MUSEUM OF SREMSKI KARLOVCI The Palace "Ilion" was built in the second half of 18th century (1836-1848) but its current look dates from the...
Posted by on Tue, 29 Jan 2008 13:30:00 GMT

CITY HALL

CITY HALL City Hall was built in the period between 1808 and 1811 in the neoclassicism style. At the beginning it was meant to be of use to garrison in Petrovaradin fortress. Later it was consigned to...
Posted by on Tue, 29 Jan 2008 13:28:00 GMT

THE FOUNTAIN FOUR LIONS

..> THE FOUNTAIN "FOUR LIONS" The fountain named "Four Lions" was made in 1799 in the honor of completion of the first water pipe system. Water from --erat hill's spring was brought to town by clay...
Posted by on Tue, 29 Jan 2008 13:27:00 GMT

ROMAN CATHOLIC HOLY TRINITY CHURCH

ROMAN CATHOLIC "HOLY TRINITY CHURCH" On The Branko Radi--evi-- square is a roman catholic church, whose parish was mentioned in 1735 for the first time. It was dedicated to Holy Trinity and was built ...
Posted by on Tue, 29 Jan 2008 13:26:00 GMT

THE LOWER CHURCH

..> THE LOWER CHURCH The Lower Church is dedicated to apostles St. Peter and St. Paul. The church was mentioned for the first time in one written record dating from 1599. Shrine was restored on ol...
Posted by on Tue, 29 Jan 2008 13:25:00 GMT

THE UPPER CHURCH

..> THE UPPER CHURCH The Upper Church is dedicated to Entry into the Temple of the Most Holy Mother of God. It was built in 1746 on the foundations of an older church from 16th century. The oldes...
Posted by on Tue, 29 Jan 2008 13:23:00 GMT

THE ORTHODOX CATHEDRAL OF ST. NICHOLAS

..> THE ORTHODOX CATHEDRAL OF ST. NICHOLAS The cathedral is on the same spot where a smaller church, dedicated to the same saint was in the 16th century. Mitropolitan Pavle Nenadovi-- decided in 1...
Posted by on Tue, 29 Jan 2008 13:22:00 GMT