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Der Ring des Nibelungen

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Wagner Operas Main Page
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Der Ring des Nibelungen commonly translated into English as The Ring of the Nibelung, is a series of four epic music dramas based loosely on figures and elements of Germanic paganism, particularly from the Icelanders' sagas and the Nibelungenlied. It is often referred to as "The Ring Cycle", "Wagner's Ring", or simply "The Ring". Both the libretto and the music were written by Richard Wagner over the course of twenty-six years, from 1848 to 1874.
StoryThe plot revolves around a magic ring that grants the power to rule the world, forged by the Nibelung dwarf Alberich from gold stolen from the river Rhine. Several mythic figures struggle for possession of the Ring, including Wotan (Odin), the chief of the Gods. Wotan's scheme, spanning generations, to overcome his limitations, drives much of the action in the story. The hero Siegfried wins the Ring, as Wotan intended, but is eventually betrayed and slain. Finally, the Valkyrie Brünnhilde, Siegfried's lover and Wotan's estranged daughter, returns the Ring to the Rhine. In the process, the Gods are destroyed.

Wagner created the story of the Ring by fusing elements from many German and Scandinavian myths and folk tales. The Old Norse Eddas supplied much of the material for Das Rheingold, while Die Walküre was largely based on the Volsunga saga. Siegfried contains elements from the Eddas, the Volsunga Saga and Thidreks saga. The final opera, Götterdämmerung, draws from the 12th century High German poem known as the Nibelungenlied, which appears to have been the original inspiration for the Ring, and for which the cycle was named. (For a detailed examination of Wagner's sources for the Ring, and his treatment of them, see among other works Deryck Cooke's unfinished study of the Ring, I Saw the World End, and Ernest Newman's Wagner Nights. Also useful is a translation by Stewart Spencer (Wagner's Ring of the Nibelung: Companion, edited by Barry Millington) which, as well as containing essays including one on the source material, provides an English translation of the entire text which seeks to remain faithful to the early medieval Stabreim technique Wagner used.)

In weaving these disparate sources into a coherent tale, Wagner injected many contemporary concepts. One of the principal themes in the Ring is the struggle of love, which is also associated with Nature and freedom, against power, which is associated with civilization and law. In the very first scene of the Ring, the scorned dwarf Alberich sets the plot in motion by renouncing love, an act that allows him to acquire the power to rule the world by means of forging a magical ring. In the last scene of that opera this ring of power is taken from him, so he places a curse on it: “Whosoever holds the ring, by the ring they shall be enslaved.”

Since its inception, the Ring has been subjected to a plethora of interpretations. George Bernard Shaw, in The Perfect Wagnerite, argues for a view of the Ring as an essentially socialist critique of industrial society and its abuses. Robert Donington in Wagner's Ring and its Symbols interprets it in terms of Jungian psychology as an account of the development of unconscious archetypes in the mind, leading towards individuation. Peter Kjærulff, in The Ringbearer's Diary, interprets the Ring as an attempt to expose a structure of ideas he refers to as The Cursed Ring, which he also links to J. R. R. Tolkien's The Lord of the Rings and Plato's The Ring of Gyges.

My Interests

Music:

Member Since: 3/18/2007
Band Members:
Positively NO Nazis on my pages. And I won't even say "sorry".

The Operas:

Der Ring des Nibelungen

(The Ring of the Nibelung)
consisting of
(1854) Das Rheingold (The Rhinegold) Opera Page

(1856) Die Walküre (The Valkyrie) Opera Page

(1871) Siegfried Opera Page

(1874) Götterdämmerung (Twilight of the Gods) Opera Page
For a detailed plot synopsis and lists of characters, see the pages for the individual operas.

Influences:

The Solti Ring

From a 1965 BBC documentary on the first complete recording Fascinating insights into the work of a legendary conductor. Solti's seminal 1965 recording remains the benchmark to this day.Sir Georg Solti talks about his work on the "Ring".Solti Interview on recording the Ring

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The use of specifically Wagnerian instruments in "Götterdämmerung"The "Stierhorn" in Götterdämmerung

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The "Centennial" Ring and before

From a 1987 documentary The celebrated 1976 Bayreuth "Ring" production by Pierre Boulez, Patrice Chereau and Richard Peduzzi in historical perspective.

The Centennial Ring

Music: From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The Music of the "Ring"

In his previous operas, Wagner had tried to disguise the song breaks as part of the music. For the Ring he decided to adopt a through-composed style, where each act of each opera would be a complete song with no breaks whatsoever. In the essay Opera and Drama (1852) Wagner describes the way in which poetry, music and the visual arts should combine to form what he called The Artwork of the Future. He called these artworks "music-dramas", and thereafter very rarely referred to his works as operas.

As a new foundation for his music-dramas, Wagner adopted the use of what he called Grundthemen, or "base themes", although they are usually referred to elsewhere as leitmotifs. These are recurring melodies and/or harmonic progressions, sometimes tied to a particular key and often to a particular orchestration. They musically denote an action, object, emotion, character or other subject mentioned in the text and/or presented onstage. Wagner referred to them in Opera and Drama as "guides-to-feeling", and described how they could be used to inform the listener of a musical or dramatic subtext to the action onstage in the same way as a Greek Chorus did for Attic Drama. While other composers before Wagner had already used leitmotifs, the Ring was unique in the extent to which they were employed, and in the ingeniousness of their combination and development.

Any important subject in The Ring is usually accompanied by a leitmotif; indeed, there are long stretches of music which are constructed exclusively from them. One such example occurs in Götterdämmerung: Siegfried's journey down the river Rhine is described first through a rhapsody on the Siegfried theme which then merges into the Rhine theme and finally into the motifs denoting the Gibichung Hall. ("Morgendämmerung und Rheinfahrt" featured on this page.)

There are hundreds of individual motifs scattered throughout the Ring. They often occur as a musical reference to a presentation of their subject onstage, or to a direct reference in the text, or more subtly implied by the text. Many of them appear in several operas, and some even in all four. Sometimes, as in the character of the Woodbird, a cluster of motives is associated with a single character. As the cycle progresses, and especially from the third act of Siegfried on, these motives are presented in increasingly sophisticated combinations.

The advances in orchestration and tonality Wagner made in this work are of seminal importance in the history of Western music. He wrote for a very large orchestra, with a palette of seventeen different instrumental families used singly or in a myriad of combinations to express the great range of emotion and events of the drama.

This work, together with Tristan und Isolde, is frequently cited as a milestone on the way to Arnold Schoenberg's revolutionary break with the traditional concept of key and his rejection of consonance as the basis of an organising principle in music.

About these pages:

Visual Concept

(A.S.-L.)

The background image for the „Ring“ main page is an illustration of Germanic cosmology – Yggdrasil, the World Ash Tree (out of which Wotan’s spear is forged) – against the backdrop of a distant galactic nebula potographed by the „Hubble“ space telescope. This is meant to underscore that the „Ring“ is a Cosmic Drama.

The Table backgrounds for the four „Ring“ Operas – all stacked together here in the „About“ section and connected by the ring - refer to the four Aristotelian elements. The Element images have been assigned to the respective Opera pages.

Why? Alan David Aberbach (see blog, recommended reading) notes:

Designed to show the creation of the world order that is to be portrayed, he [Wagner] assumes for himself "the agonizingly difficult task of forming a nonexistent world." Emerging slowly out of a void, his model eventually embraces the four cosmic elements: water (Rhinegold), air (Valkyrie), earth (Siegfried), and fire (Twilight of the Gods): "Mark my new poem well - it holds the world's beginning, and its destruction!"

In this context, the Ring may allude to Alchemy’s ”Opus Magnum”, the Philosopher’s Stone, also known as the Fifth Element. The magical (!) process of procuring the Stone - which supposedly is capable of converting non-precious metals into gold - has been allegorically labled as the Squaring Of The Circle (a mathematical impossibility due to the fact that Pi is an irrational number). Hence the Ring of Power.

Type of Label: Major

My Blog

Alan David Aberbach: Listening to Wagner (Beginners: recommended reading!)

Listening to WagnerFrom: Alan David Aberbach [author of The Ideas of Richard Wagner and Richard Wagner: A Mystic in the Making]Subject: Intro to WagnerTo: Opera GroupThere have been quite a few intere...
Posted by on Mon, 16 Apr 2007 18:13:00 GMT

G.B.Shaw "The Perfect Wagnerite" Pt.2 / Siegfried & Götterdämmerung, Conclusion

SIEGFRIED Sieglinda, when she flies into the forest with the hero's son unborn in her womb, and the broken pieces of his sword in her hand, finds shelter in the smithy of a dwarf, where she brings for...
Posted by on Sun, 25 Mar 2007 13:14:00 GMT

G.B.Shaw "The Perfect Wagnerite" Pt.1 / Introduction, Rheingold & Walküre

The Perfect Wagnerite A Commentary on the Nibelung's Ring by George Bernard ShawPreface to the First German EditionIn reading through this German version of my book in the Manuscript of my friend Sieg...
Posted by on Sun, 25 Mar 2007 13:19:00 GMT

Wagner's "Nibelungen" Sketch (1848, English)

Richard Wagner: The Nibelungen-MythAs Sketch for a Drama. (Summer 1848.)From the womb of Night and Death was spawned a race that dwells in Nibelheim (Nebelheim), i.e. in gloomy subterranean clefts and...
Posted by on Fri, 23 Mar 2007 04:58:00 GMT